LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ASSEMBLIES, PROCESSIONSAND DEMONSTRATIONS ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON ASSEMBLIES, PROCESSIONSAND DEMONSTRATIONS
(Adopted at the Tenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Seventh National People's Congress on October 31, 1989, promulgated by
Order No. 20 of the President of the People's Republic of China on October
31, 1989 and effective as of the same date)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Application and Permission for Assemblies, Processions and
Demonstrations
Chapter III The Holding of Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
Pursuant to the Constitution, this Law is enacted to safeguard citizens'
exercise of their right to assembly, procession and demonstration
according to law and to maintain social stability and public order.
Article 2
This Law shall apply to assemblies, processions and demonstrations held
within the territory of the People's Republic of China.
The term "assembly" used in this Law means an activity in which people
gather at a public place in the open air to express views or aspirations.
The term "procession" used in this Law means an activity in which people
line up for a march along a public road or across a public place in the
open air to express their common aspirations.
The term "demonstration" used in this Law means an activity in which
people express their common aspirations, including demands, protests,
support or moral support, in the manner of an assembly, a procession, a
sit-in, etc., at a public place in the open air or along a public road.
This Law shall not apply to recreational or sports activities, normal
religious activities or traditional folk events.
Article 3
The citizens' exercise of their right to assembly, procession and
demonstration shall be safeguarded by the people's governments at all
levels in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
Article 4
In exercising their right to assembly, procession and demonstration,
citizens must abide by the Constitution and the laws, shall not oppose the
cardinal principles specified in the Constitution and shall not impair
state, public or collective interests or the lawful freedoms and rights of
other citizens.
Article 5
An assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall be held in a peaceful
manner; no weapons, controlled cutting tools or explosives shall be
carried, and no violence employed.
Article 6
The competent authorities governing assemblies, processions and
demonstrations shall be the municipal public security bureau, county
security bureau or municipal public security sub-bureau in the localities
where the assemblies, processions and demonstrations are held; if the
route of a procession or demonstration cuts through two or more districts
or counties, the competent authorities thereof shall be the public
security organ at the next higher level to the public security organs in
such districts or counties.
Chapter II Application and Permission for Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations
Article 7
For the holding of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration,
application must be made to and permission obtained from the competent
authorities in accordance with the provisions of this Law.
It shall not be necessary to apply for the following activities:
(1) celebrations or commemorative activities held by the state or by state
decisions; and
(2) assemblies held by state organs, political parties, public
organizations, enterprises or institutions in accordance with law or the
relevant articles of association.
Article 8
There must be a person or persons responsible for the holding of an
assembly, a procession or a demonstration.
For the holding of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration for which
an application has to be made under this Law, the responsible person(s)
must submit an application in writing to the competent authorities five
days prior to the date of the activity. The application shall specify the
purposes of the assembly, procession or demonstration, how it is going to
be conducted, the posters and slogans to be used, the number of
participants, the number of vehicles, the specifications and quantities of
the sound facilities to be used, the starting and finishing time, the
places (including places where the participants assemble and disperse),
the route, and the name(s), occupation(s) and address(es) of the person(s)
responsible for the assembly, procession or demonstration.
Article 9
After receiving an application for an assembly, a procession or a
demonstration, the competent authorities shall inform the responsible
person(s) in writing of their decision to grant or not to grant permission
two days prior to the date of the activity applied for. If no permission
is granted, the reasons thereof shall be given. Failure to serve notice
within the time limit shall be construed as the granting of permission.
If an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is truly necessitated by
unexpected occurrences, a report must be made immediately to the competent
authorities: upon receiving the report, the competent authorities shall
immediately examine it and decide to grant or not to grant permission.
Article 10
If an application is made for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration
which will press for the settlement of specific issues, the competent
authorities may, after receiving the application, inform the departments
or units concerned to resolve such issues through consultation with the
person(s) responsible for the assembly, procession or demonstration, and
may also postpone for five days the starting date specified in the
application.
Article 11
If the competent authorities are of the opinion that the holding of an
assembly, a procession or a demonstration at the time or place or along
the route specified in the application will seriously affect traffic and
public order, they may, upon or after granting permission, change the
time, place or route and inform the responsible person(s) of the change in
good time.
Article 12
No permission shall be granted for an application for an assembly, a
procession or a demonstration which involves one of the following
circumstances:
(1) opposition to the cardinal principles specified in the Constitution;
(2) harming the unity, sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state;
(3) instigation of division among the nationalities; or
(4) the belief, based on sufficient evidence, that the holding of the
assembly, procession or demonstration that is being applied for will
directly endanger public security or seriously undermine public order.
Article 13
If the person(s) responsible for an assembly, a procession or a
demonstration does not accept the competent authorities' decision not to
grant permission, he may apply to the people's government at the same
level for reconsideration within three days of receiving the notice on the
decision, and the people's government shall make a decision within three
days of receiving the application for reconsideration.
Article 14
The person(s) responsible for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration
may withdraw his application after submitting it and before receiving a
notice of the competent authorities; if a decision is made to call off the
assembly, procession or demonstration after receipt of the competent
authorities' notice on the granting of permission, the responsible
person(s) concerned shall inform the competent authorities of the decision
in good time and dismiss the participants if they have assembled.
Article 15
No citizens shall, in a city other than his place of residence, start,
organize or participate in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration of
local citizens.
Article 16
No functionary of a state organ shall organize or participate in an
assembly, a procession or a demonstration which contravenes the functions
and obligations of functionaries of state organs as prescribed in relevant
laws and regulations.
Article 17
If anyone organizes or participates in an assembly, a procession or a
demonstration in the name of a state organ, a public organization, an
enterprise or an institution, he must first obtain approval from its
leaders.
Chapter III The Holding of Assemblies, Processions and Demonstra- tions
Article 18
With respect to an assembly, a procession or a demonstration held in
compliance with law, the competent authorities shall dispatch the people's
police to keep traffic and public order and ensure the smooth progress of
the assembly, procession or demonstration.
Article 19
An assembly, a procession or a demonstration held in compliance with law
shall not be disturbed, broken into or disrupted by anybody by violence,
coercion or any other illegal means.
Article 20
In order to ensure the progress of a procession held in compliance with
law, the people's police responsible for keeping traffic order may
temporarily exercise flexibility in their execution of the relevant
provisions of traffic regulations.
Article 21
If it becomes impossible for a procession to follow the permitted route
because of unexpected circumstances occurring on the way, the chief police
officer present at the scene shall have the authority to change the route
of the procession.
Article 22
If an assembly, a procession or a demonstration is held in or passes by
places where state organs, military organs, radio stations, television
stations or foreign embassies or consulates are located, the competent
authorities may, with a view to keeping order, establish temporary
security lines, which shall not be crossed without permission by the
people's police.
Article 23
No assembly, procession or demonstration shall be held within a peripheral
distance of 10-300 metres from the following places, with the exception of
those approved by the State Council or the people's governments of
provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the
Central Government:
(1) premises of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,
the State Council, the Central Military Commission, the Supreme People's
Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate;
(2) places where state guests are staying;
(3) important military installations; and
(4) air harbours, railway stations and ports.
The specific peripheral distances from the places listed in the preceding
paragraph shall be defined by the people's governments of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government.
Article 24
The time for holding an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall be
limited to 6 a.m. - 10 p.m., with the exception of those held by decision
or approval of the local people's governments.
Article 25
An assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall be conducted in
accordance with the purposes, manners, posters, slogans, starting and
finishing time, places, routes and other matters for which permission has
been granted.
The person(s) responsible for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration
must assume responsibility for maintaining the order thereof and strictly
guard against participation by others.
The person(s) responsible for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration
shall, when necessary, appoint special personnel to assist the people's
police in maintaining order. The personnel responsible for the
maintenance of order shall wear identification marks.
Article 26
The holding of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall not
contravene the regulations on public security administration and shall not
involve criminal activities or the instigation of crimes.
Article 27
The people's police shall stop an assembly, a procession or a
demonstration that is being held, if it involves one of the following
circumstances:
(1) failure to make an application in accordance with the provisions of
this Law or to obtain permission for the application;
(2) failure to act in accordance with the purposes, manners, posters,
slogans, starting and finishing time, places and routes permitted by the
competent authorities; or (3) the emergence, in the course of the
activity, of a situation which endangers public security or seriously
undermines public order.
If any of the circumstances specified in the preceding paragraph occurs
and the instruction to stop the activity is ignored, the chief officer of
the people's police present at the scene shall have the authority to order
a dismission; for those who refuse to dismiss, the chief police officer
present at the scene shall have the authority to decide, in accordance
with relevant state provisions, on the adoption of necessary measures to
force a dismission and to take away from the scene by force those who
refuse to obey or detain them at once.
If a participant in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration crosses
the temporary security lines established in accordance with the provisions
of Article 22 of this Law, enters a certain peripheral space around the
specific places where no assemblies, processions and demonstrations shall
be held as specified in Article 23 of this Law, or commits other illegal
or criminal acts, the people's police may take him away from the scene by
force or detain him at once.
Chapter IV Legal Responsibility
Article 28
Those who commit acts in violation of public security administration in
the process of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration shall be
punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on
Administrative Penalties for Public Security. The public security organ
may punish by warning or by criminal detention of not more than 15 days
the responsible person(s) and the person(s) who is directly responsible,
if an assembly, a procession or a demonstration that is being held
involves one of the following circumstances:
(1) failure to make an application in accordance with the provisions of
this Law or to obtain permission for the application; or
(2) failure to act in accordance with the purposes, manners, posters,
slogans, starting and finishing time, places, and routes permitted by the
competent authorities, and disregard of instructions to stop acting
without permission.
Article 29
Any participant in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration who
commits a crime shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.
Any participant in an assembly, a procession or a demonstration who
carries weapons, controlled cutting tools or explosives shall be
investigated for criminal responsibility by applying mutatis mutandis the
provisions of Article 163 of the Criminal Law. In a case where no
application has been made for an assembly, a procession or a demonstration
in accordance with the provisions of this Law or no permission has been
granted for the application or where it is conducted not in accordance
with the starting and finishing time, places and routes permitted by the
competent authorities, while the order of dismission is disobeyed and
public order seriously undermined, the person(s) responsible for the
assembly, procession or demonstration and the person(s) who is directly
responsible shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the provisions of Article 158 of the Criminal Law.
In a case where an assembly, a procession or a demonstration leads to the
siege of a state organ or people breaking into it, preventing it from
conducting its business or state activities normally, the person(s)
responsible for the assembly, procession or demonstration and the
person(s) who is directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal
responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 158 of the
Criminal Law.
In a case where an assembly, a procession or a demonstration leads to the
occupation of public places, the interception of vehicles or pedestrians
or the gathering of crowds to block traffic, so that order at public
places and traffic order are seriously undermined, the person(s)
responsible for the assembly, procession or demonstration and the
person(s) who is directly responsible shall be investigated for criminal
responsibility in accordance with the provisions of Article 159 of the
Criminal Law.
Article 30
Those who disturb, break into or undermine by other means an assembly, a
procession or a demonstration held in compliance with law may be punished
by the public security organ by warning or by criminal detention of not
more than 15 days; if the circumstances are serious and a crime is
constituted, they shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.
Article 31
If a party refuses to accept the decision on punishment by detention made
in accordance with the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 28 or
Article 30 of this Law, he may appeal to the public security organ at the
next higher level within five days of receiving the notice on the decision
on punishment; the public security organ at the next higher level shall
make a decision within five days of receiving the appeal; if the party
refuses to accept the decision of the public security organ at the next
higher level, he may institute proceedings in the people's court within
five days of receiving the notice on the decision.
Article 32
Anyone who, in the course of an assembly, a procession or a demonstration,
damages public or private property or causes injuries or deaths to others
shall be liable for compensation according to law, apart from being
punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law or
the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security.
Article 33
If a citizen, in a city other than his place of residence, starts or
organizes an assembly, a procession or a demonstration by local citizens,
the public security organ shall have the authority to detain him or send
him back by force to his place of residence.
Chapter V Supplementary Provisions
Article 34
This Law shall apply to assemblies, processions and demonstrations held by
foreigners within the territory of China.
Foreigners in the territory of China may not, without approval by the
competent authorities, participate in an assembly, a procession or a
demonstration held by Chinese citizens.
Article 35
The public security department under the State Council may, in accordance
with this Law, formulate rules of implementation, which shall go into
effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
The standing committees of the people's congresses of provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government may, in accordance with this Law, formulate measures for
implementation.
Article 36
This Law shall enter into force on the date of promulgation.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
股份制试点企业国有资产管理暂行规定
国家国有资产管理局 等
股份制试点企业国有资产管理暂行规定
国家国有资产管理局、国家体改委
全文
第一章 总 则
第一条 为规范股份制试点企业中的国有资产股权管理，维护其合法权益，现制定本规定。
第二条 股份制试点企业国有资产管理原则：
1．贯彻发展以公有制为主体的股份制企业的方针，对应由国家控股的股份制试点企业必须保证国有资产股份在企业中的主导地位；
2．国有资产股权的行使、转让必须符合国家对国有资产保值、增殖的要求；
3．在股份制企业试点中，不允许以任何方式瓜分国有资产，侵犯国家利益；
4．对股份制试点企业的管理，坚持政企职责分开、所有权与经营权适当分离、政府社会行政管理职能和国家所有权管理职能分开；
5．建立严格的国有资产股权代表责任制。
第三条 组建股份制试点企业，用国有资产入股形成的股份（包括将全民所有制企业改组为股份制试点企业），视股权管理不同情况，可以分别构成国家股和国有法人股。
国家股为有权代表国家投资的政府部门或机构以国有资产向股份制试点企业投资形成的股份（含现有已投入企业的国有资产折成的股份）。
国有法人股是全民所有制企业用国家授予其自主经营的国有资产向独立于自己的股份制试点企业投资形成的股份。
国有股和国有法人股，其性质均属国家所有，统称为国有资产股（简称国有股）。
第四条 国有资产管理部门是国有股权的政府专职管理机构，依法履行对国有股权的管理职能。
国有股持有单位接受国有资产管理部门的指导、监督和考核。
国有资产管理部门对国有法人股的管理要通过法定程序，保障和维护其持有单位依法享有的经济权益和经营自主权。
第五条 组建股份制企业或将全民所有制企业改组为股份制试点企业，其试点范围和股权结构设置要符合《股份制企业试点办法》（体改生〔1992〕30号）及其它有关规定。
第二章 股份制企业设立时国有股的管理
第六条 国有股的设置需由国有资产管理部门或其授权机构确认。对用国有资产入股组建或以全民所有制企业改组设立股份制试点企业，国家或各省、自治区、直辖市国有资产管理部门要参与审批工作。
第七条 用国有资产投资组建或改组设立股份制试点企业，对投入的国有资产，必须进行资产评估和所有权界定，并向国有资产管理部门办理资产价值评估结果、所有权界定的确认手续。
进行资产评估，应按照《国有资产评估管理办法》（国务院第91号令）发布的规定申报立项，委托有资产评估资格的评估机构评估。
国有资产的所有权界定，应按国家国有资产管理局、财政部、国家工商行政管理局发布的《企业国有资产所有权界定暂行规定》（国资综发〔1991〕23号）执行。
第八条 在资产评估和所有权界定确认后，企业占用的国有资产价值总额，依照财政部和国家体改委印发的《股份制试点企业会计制度》（〔92〕财会字第27号）调整原企业的帐面价值和国家资金，转为国有股股东权益。
用国有资产折价入股、折股出售、认缴出资，应按照《国有资产产权登记管理试行办法》（国资综发〔1992〕20号）及其实施细则的规定办理有关国有资产产权登记事宜。国有资产产权登记表作为国有股的资信证明，是办理工商登记的要件。
第九条 全民所有制企业改组为股份制试点企业，不得用国有资产设置股份制企业自己的“企业股”或“职工集体股”；不得将国有资产无偿转为股份制试点企业各股东所共有的公积金、公益金；不得将国有资产效益较好的一部分（分店、分厂、车间等）单独划出来吸收职工入股；不
得将企业的名牌、畅销、高利产品无偿或低价转给其职工入股的股份制试点企业经营；不得将企业股票无偿送给或低于公开发行价格售给企业职工或其他人；不得采取其它损害国有资产权益的行为。
第十条 全民所有制企业改组为股份制试点企业并采取溢价发行股票的方式招股增资时，国有资产折股的票面价值总额可以略低于经资产评估确认的国有资产价值总额，其差额和股票发行的溢价收入一并作为资本公积金，但不得使国有资产所有者的权益受到损害。
第十一条 全民所有制企业改组为股份制试点企业时，企业的非经营性单位，包括职工宿舍、幼儿园、医院等占用的资产如不折价入股，则仍属国家所有，也要清产核资。经同级财政部门和国有资产管理部门批准，可以办成独立于股份制企业之外的经营单位；也可以委托改组后的股份
制试点企业进行专项管理、有偿使用。
第三章 国有股股权和股权代表的管理
第十二条 股份制试点企业的国有股权实行谁投资、谁管理的原则，并接受国有资产管理部门的指导和监督。
国有股股权有偿转让给非国有经济成份时，须由国有资产管理部门审批或由国有资产管理部门报请政府批准。
折股出售国营大中型骨干企业的国有资产时，须报请上级国有资产管理部门审批或上级政府审批。
第十三条 国有资产管理部门可以委托控股公司、投资公司、企业集团的母公司、经济实体性总公司及某些特定部门行使国家股权和依法定程序委派股权代表。经国务院或省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准，国有资产管理部门也可以按法定程序向有国家股的企业委派股权代表。国家股
权代表的委派办法由国有资产管理部门和人事部门另行制定。国有法人股代表由投资入股的法人单位委派。
第十四条 国有股权代表必须维护国有股的合法权益，对国有资产保值、增殖承担明确责任。股权代表人须具备较高的政治思想素质和政策法规水平，具有切实履行职责的经营决策和管理能力，确保企业中国有股与其他股的股权平等，做到同股同利，利益共享，风险共担。
第十五条 建立国有股权代表的报告制度。国有股权代表除定期向委派单位报告工作情况外，在涉及到企业下列重大经营决策时，要事前书面请示报告：
1．选聘公司董事会成员及董事会主要负责人；
2．有关重大投资、经营方向、方式的决策；
3．增资或发行公司债；
4．收益分配决策；
5．资产抵押超过企业净资产1／3；
6．其他涉及国有股重大权益的事项。
国有股权代表的委派单位对国有股权代表的请示要及时作出负责的答复，不得因延误造成经营损失。
第十六条 要建立国有股权代表的考核、奖惩和监督制度。
第四章 国有股权的收入、转让和清算
第十七条 国家股的股利收入由国有资产管理部门组织收取，解缴国库，依法纳入国家建设性预算，根据国家计划统筹安排使用，任何单位和个人不得截留和拒交。国有法人股的股利收入由直接投资入股的法人单位收取。
第十八条 依照国家法律和法规的规定，经国有资产管理部门或其授权机构批准，全民所有制企业转为股份制试点企业时，如将存量国有资产折股出售，其收入由国有资产管理部门组织收取，解缴国库，依法纳入国家建设性预算，根据国家计划统筹安排使用，支持企业发展生产建设。
第十九条 改变国有股权在应由国家控股的股份制试点企业中的比例，国有股权代表应报经国有资产管理部门或其授权机构会同有关部门按国家规定审核批准，经批准后方可执行。改变国有股权在其它股份制试点企业中的比例应报经国有股权代表委派单位审批。将国有资产折股出售给
外商，其办法由国家另行规定。
第二十条 股份制试点企业破产或终止清算后的剩余资产，由国有资产管理部门或其授权机构及投资入股单位按国家规定处理。
第五章 监督和制裁
第二十一条 国有股持股单位，必须妥善保管股票或其他股权凭证。国有资产管理部门有权对国有股权的管理、经营情况进行检查，被检查单位不得弄虚作假或以任何方式拒绝和逃避。
第二十二条 对违反本规定，导致国有资产受到侵害的单位和人员，国有资产管理部门有权提请或会同有关部门作出经济、行政的处分。对触犯刑律的责任人，要依法追究刑事责任。
第二十三条 国有资产管理部门及其授权机构的工作人员，以及国有股权代表，利用职权营私舞弊或者玩忽职守，造成国有资产权益受到不应有的损失的，国有资产管理部门或其授权机构要给予经济、行政的处分；触犯刑律的，要依法追究刑事责任。
第六章 附 则
第二十四条 本规定适用于有限责任公司和股份有限公司的国有股管理。
第二十五条 本规定由国家国有资产管理局负责解释。
第二十六条 本规定自发布之日起施行。
1992年7月27日
